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Vibration sensor

Vibration sensors are utilized in a number of applications to measure acceleration and/or vibrational activity. Vibration sensors can be utilized to determine whether the machinery is operating properly. Vibration sensors can be useful for monitoring the condition of rotating machinery, where overheating or excessive vibration could indicate excessive loading, inadequate lubrication, or bearing wear. Such sensors are also utilized in geophysical applications and applications requiring accelerometers. Vibration sensors are used as knock sensors in internal combustion engines. In order to assure that an engine is operating under optimum conditions, it is necessary to accurately monitor its actual operating state. One device known to be highly useful for this purpose is the engine vibration sensor. Vibration or shock sensors are commonly used in alarm systems to activate an alarm whenever the devices to which they are attached are touched, moved, or otherwise vibrated. For example, vibration sensors are commonly placed in windows of buildings to sense glass breakage and in car alarm systems to detect vehicle tampering. Commercial vibration sensors use a piezoelectric ceramic strain transducer attached to a metallic proof mass in order to respond to an externally imposed acceleration. Piezoelectric vibration sensors used for detecting vibration from various vibration sources are generally classified into two large types, resonant type and nonresonent type. A capacitive vibration sensor or an accelerometer is formed from a capacitor one plate of which is a proof mass, with the other plate fixed to a substrate. Vibrations are typically measured using analog vibration sensing elements, such as analog accelerometers, positioned on machinery at strategic locations.

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