Ultrasonic sensor
An ultrasonic sensor utilizes a transducer that produces an electrical output in response to received ultrasonic energy. An ultrasonic sensor is used as an obstacle detection sensor for detecting obstacle by transmitting and receiving an ultrasonic wave. Ultrasonic acoustic waves are commonly used to probe a variety of materials. An ultrasonic sensor may be used to locate and measure leaks or defects in pipes and the like as well as to detect excess friction within mechanical devices. Ultrasonic sensors have been used as point level switches for detecting high and low material levels in a process container. Ultrasonic sensors are equipped in robots and used for detecting objects positioned along a robot travel path. Ultrasonic sensors are commonly used to make remote distance measurements. One particular use of ultrasonic sensors is within a vehicle occupant restraint system within a vehicle. A typical ultrasonic sensor is designed to emit an ultrasonic pulse toward an object to be detected to receive a reflected wave, which is reflected on the object, to measure a period of time from the ultrasonic pulse emitting time to the reflected wave receiving time to detect the object. An ultrasonic sensor comprises at least one ultrasonic transducer which transforms electrical energy into sound and, in reverse, sound into electrical energy, a housing enclosing the ultrasonic transducer or transducers, an electrical connection and, and an electronic circuit for signal processing also enclosed in the housing. The ultrasonic sensor has a piezoelectric vibrator. The piezoelectric vibrator vibrates to transmit an ultrasonic wave and receives a reflected wave from an obstacle, so that an obstacle can be detected.
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