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Thermocouple

A thermocouple is a bi-metallic junction device for electrically measuring temperature. Thermocouples, by their nature, are point sensors because they thermoelectrically produce an e.m.f. at a specific junction between two different metals. The bi-metallic junction of the thermocouple produces a voltage across the junction in accordance with the temperature of the thermocouple, wherein a voltmeter may be used to read and record the voltage so as to monitor temperature. A thermocouple consists of a junction of two dissimilar metals with wire leads connected to each half of the junction. The thermocouple generates a thermoelectric voltage that is a function of the junction temperature and the choice of the particular metals which form the junction. A temperature difference between their ends results in the creation of a potential difference or voltage between them with resulting current flow, and this voltage can be measured. The thermocouple may be connected directly to a measuring instrument, making the task of measuring the thermocouple junction voltage straightforward. More commonly, the thermocouple is connected indirectly to the measuring instrument via thermocouple extension wires and a thermocouple connector. In measurement applications, a thermocouple may be inserted into a system for monitoring the temperature of a given element for assisting the system in regulating the temperature. Thermocouples are used in a variety of applications to sense temperature at a given location. For example, In integrated circuit manufacturing, thermocouples are used, for example, to measure the temperature in an oxidation furnace which may be used for growing of oxide, drive-in of dopants, low pressure chemical vapor deposition, annealing, and etc. All of these processes must be performed at specific temperatures. A thermocouple is used to check the accuracy of the temperature setting of the furnace.


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