Rheometer
Rheology is the study of the deformations and flow of matter. A rheometer is a device for measuring the flow of a viscoelastic substance, usually a fluid. Rheometers are well known and used in a wide variety of chemical and material processing industries including pharmaceuticals, food processing, agrochemicals, paint and pigment manufacture, paper manufacture, catalysts, ceramics and cosmetics for determining and comparing characteristics, such as flow characteristics, of materials such as powders, liquids and semi-solids such as pastes, gels, ointments and the like. Rheometers generally operate by forcing the flowing system to be characterized through a die at a constant volumetric flow rate and determining specific properties of the flowing system such as the shear rate and shear stress of the flowing system at the wall of the die in order to determine the shear viscosity. Capillary rheometers generally operate by using a piston or plunger to force melted polymers, that have been heated in a barrel passage, through a capillary die. A typical rheometer comprises at least two bounding surfaces, one or more of which may be moveable by rotation or other means, between which a material whose viscosity or other visco-elastic property is to be measured is positioned. A rheometer for determining the characteristic rheological values of a viscous substance usually comprises a lower stationary measuring part (stator) and an upper measuring part (rotor) which can be axially adjusted, rotated, or pivoted and between which a measuring chamber is formed to receive a sample of the substance to be examined. The rheometer is connected to computer means for analysing these measurements so that a computerised control functions to enable the rapid determination of the tested materials properties over a broad range of possible testing frequencies and temperatures.
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