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Hall effect proximity sensor

A number of proximity sensing devices based on magnetic sensing have been utilized. There are many different magnetic proximity sensor concepts in use today including static threshold, transient, electromagnetic, and solid-state. The Hall-effect sensor detects a magnetic field and generates a voltage output relative to the strength of the magnetic field detected. The proximity of metal to the magnet alters the magnetic field detected by the Hall-effect sensor resulting in an altered voltage output ultimately generating a fault signal. The typical Hall-effect sensor employs a magnet structure consisting of a cylindrical permanent magnet with a flat end. The Hall chip is positioned adjacent the flat end and with the plane of the Hall element parallel to the plane of the magnet end. Hall-effect sensors detect a change in a polarity of a magnetic field. Therefore, a target is limited to a magnetic material. Hall-effect sensors are sensitive to a gap between the target and the sensor and typically have a limited temperature operating range.

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