Moisture sensor
Moisture is undesirable whether it appears in agricultures, houses, textiles, packaging materials, electronic appliances, chemicals, dry foodstuffs, etc. Moisture detection is important in a number of different situations. For example, measurement of soil moisture is useful for minimizing the amount of irrigation water applied to growing plants, and for optimizing plant growth. Soil moisture detection has been used for monitoring and evaluating construction sites, landscape sites, mining operations, forest areas, flood control areas, and farming districts. Resistive moisture sensors are used to indicate moisture or drops of rain on the windshield of a motor vehicle so as automatically or semiautomatically to control the windshield wiper. Capacitance type moisture sensor detects amounts of water from a change of capacitance between a pair of electrodes in accordance with the nature that water is a polarization (dielectric) material. Capacitive moisture measuring elements deliver a capacitance value in dependence on the air humidity in the area around the measuring element. That capacitance value can be measured by means of an electronic evaluation system. A capacitive moisture sensor is utilized to measure indoor moisture for an air conditioner, outdoor moisture for meteorological observation, and so on. Optical moisture sensors operate upon the principle that a light beam is diffused or deflected from its normal path by the presence of moisture on the exterior surface of the windshield. Typical optical moisture sensors include an emitter for emitting a light signal which is preferably an infrared radiation signal.
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