Ion sensor
Ion sensor such as an ion-selective electrode and an ion-selective field effect transistor is a quick and convenient sensor where measurement of ion in a solution can be carried out merely by dipping it in a solution to be measured. The ion sensor can selectively determine concentrations of specific ion species in a solution and has been employed in various fields including concentration monitoring of specific ion species, water quality analysis, etc. In recent years, ion sensors (or ion selective electrodes) for medical applications have been vigorously used to quantify ions (e.g., sodium, potassium, and chlorine ions) dissolved in a liquid within a living organism, such as blood or urine. Since concentrations of specific ion species in a biological liquid are closely related to metabolic reactions of living bodies, hypertension symptom, kidney disorder, neurosis trouble, etc. are diagnosed by determining concentrations of specific ion species. An ion sensor generally comprises an internal solid electrode, an ion selective membrane, an internal solution, where an agar gel containing a supporting electrolyte is used as the inner solution serving to conduct electricity between the ion-selective membrane and the inner electrode. An ion sensitive FET (ISFET) as an ion sensor making use of a MOSFET is generally arranged such that an ion selective membrane is directly formed on a gate insulation film without forming a gate electrode. A coated wire electrode (CWE) is an ion sensor in which a structure that the ion selective membrane is directly provided on the internal solid electrode without using any internal solution.
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