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Rotameter

Flow meters are widely used in industry and research to indicate and control flow rates of gases or flow rates of liquids to improve processing and increase the operation efficiency of the equipment involved. One of the simplest and yet very widely used flowmeters is the rotameter, which comprises a vertically disposed tapered flow passage with cross section progressively increasing from the bottom inlet to the top outlet and a flow obstructing member suspended in the fluid stream by the drag force exerted by the upwardly moving fluid. The term "rotameter" was derived from the fact the plummets originally had slots to impart a rotational force thereto for the purpose of centering and stabilizing the float. The present trend, however, is toward non-rotating floats. A flow rotameter operates by allowing a gas or liquid to pass through a tube and move a float up or down proportionately to flow. The flow rate is determined by the position of the float relative to the scale on the tube. This type of flow meter is simple and inexpensive, and has been used regularly in various industries because it is also extremely reliable. Its major disadvantage is that a human is required to visually read the float position and manually record data for further evaluation or incorporation into a database system. In today's automated industrial and scientific operations extensively using computerized processes and controls, a flowmeter must have a readout device that provides the information on the measured values of flow rate in the form of an electrical signal, whereby the information on the flow rates can be fed into a data processing computer or other process controlling device as an input.

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