Eddy current probe
Eddy current inspection is a commonly used technique for non-destructively detecting discontinuities or flaws in the surface of various components, for example, aircraft engine parts and aircraft skin surfaces. Eddy currents provide a measurable indicator of flaws in the surface and sub-surface of conductive materials. They are generally confined to the surface and near surface regions of the material. They are affected by changes in the resistivity of the conductive material. Flaws in the material affect the localized resistivity of the material. Flaws in a material cause localized variations in the eddy currents in the material. The eddy current testing technique involves the use of a transmitter coil, through which a current flows, to induce a magnetically induced current (an eddy current) to be generated in the test sample. The flow of eddy currents is distorted in regions of defects or deformations. Such eddy currents induce a current in a nearby receiver coil which is then used to determine the presence of defects in the tube. An eddy current probe generally consists of a coil electrically connected to a current generator producing an alternating current within the coil. This generates a time-varying primary magnetic field which in turn induces current flow in an electrically conductive material positioned in the vicinity of the coil. Eddy current testing for flaws in conductive materials is typically done by mechanically scanning a single probe in two dimensions. Using eddy current probes for non-destructive testing of various alloys is common in a variety of environments. The testing applications include alloy sorting, detecting cracks in airframes and remotely testing structures in hazardous environments. Such testing applications are frequently essential for quality control and prevention of potentially catastrophic failures of structural members, weldments and other types of joints. Eddy current probes are used to inspect the surfaces of metal and semiconductive objects. In one application, eddy current probes are applied to inspect the surfaces of metallic objects, such as rotor blades of steam and gas turbines. Eddy current probes provide a non-destructive test for inspecting the rotor blades. Both automated and manual eddy current inspection systems have been developed. In automated inspection systems, one or more eddy current sensors are moved in a controlled fashion along the structure that is being inspected. The data collected by the eddy current sensor is processed and associated with the location on the structure from where the data was obtained.
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