Digital micrometer
A micrometer measures distance between two points on an object. A mechanical micrometer uses probes to physically touch a wafer in order to measure the thickness. Typical mechanical measuring devices such as micrometers, dial indicators and vernier calipers are suitable for making measurements that are accurate within thousandths of an inch. These devices are inexpensive, lightweight, compact, and relatively rugged. Accordingly, they are useful for many types of applications. Unfortunately, when greater accuracy of measurement is desired, these mechanical devices are inadequate. The precise measurement of optical waveguides, such as optical fiber, integrated devices, and waveguides within opto-electronic devices, is an area of critical interest in telecommunications, transmission, opto-electronic device testing, aeronautics, and many other fields utilizing optical waveguides. Optical micrometers are especially useful when it is desired to measure the dimension of articles without physically contacting the articles. In an optical micrometer, a laser is frequently used to generate a beam of collimated light which is caused to be scanned repeatedly across a measurement zone by means of a rotating mirror. The time of passage of the beam across the edges of the article is detected and compared against the rate at which the beam scans to determine the dimension of the article. A laser micrometer provides dimensional information about objects placed in the path of a sheet of laser light which is detected by, or scanned across, a detector. The width of the "shadow" created on the detector provides a dimension of the object. As compared with a mechanical graduation display type measuring instrument, measuring instruments having an electronic digital readout have become commonplace in the measuring instrument industry in view of the superior precision and ease of reading provided by the electronic digital readout. Digital micrometers have incorporated a digital readout into the structure of the micrometer's body. The digital readout is integrated with a rotary encoder that is capable of reading the axial displacement of a spindle which rotates as a thimble is rotated.
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