Motion detector
A number of different technologies are used for motion detection. Mechanical motion detectors such as a turnstile are well known. Other smaller mechanical detectors can be used for motion detection but such detectors often lack sensitivity for light-weight objects. Optical motion detectors normally exhibit greater sensitivity than mechanical detectors. A passive infrared (PIR) motion detector is a device used to turn on a light when a person or motor vehicle enters a monitored area. Infrared motion detector devices are commonly used in automatic light switches and security systems to turn on a light or to activate some other form of alarm or warning indicator when a person or motor vehicle enters a monitored area. PIR motion detectors are commonly used in conjunction with outdoor light fixtures and indoor light switches to turn on a light in response to a person moving in the field of view monitored by the motion detector. Such devices may be used in residential lighting to illuminate a walkway as a person approaches the front door or to illuminate a driveway as a car drives in. The devices function by sensing heat emitted from a person or other warm object such as an automobile as the person or object enters the field of view of the device. When the device detects an appropriate heat impulse, it provides an electrical signal to activate the light or other alarm. Infrared motion detection devices are also commonly used in such applications as burglar alarm systems or automatic lighting devices. In the burglar alarm systems the device activates an alarm whenever an intruder moves into the monitored area. Passive infrared motion detectors generally use an optical collection system and multiple sensing elements of alternating polarity to create a detection pattern in the desired volume.
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