Access control system
Apartment buildings, office buildings, condominium complexes, gated residential communities, industrial parks and other secured locations often include an entrance access control system. Access control systems of various kinds are known. A security system using electronically detectable identification cards or badges requires a control system that can decode the data encoded in the identification card or badge, and determine the access permission before signalling the actuation of the door lock. A computer-controlled system is typically used. A central computer having a database of access permissions for all active identification cards or badges is employed. In this type of access control system code carriers are handed out to the users, for example hotel guests or employees, in which code carriers a secret access code or an identification code is stored. The code carriers are designed, for example, as identification cards or badges, which transmit the access code stored thereon, or respectively the identification code, via an interface with contacts (mechanical or electrical) or via a contactless interface (by radio or infrared waves) to the access control device to be passed. In the access control device to be passed the received access code is compared with a secret access code stored in the access control device, or respectively the received identification code is transmitted by the access control device to an access control central unit for access authorization checking. Many such access control systems provide one or more user interfaces. A user can then interact in some predetermined manner with such an interface to effect some desired action on the part of the access control system. Fingerprint sensing and matching is a reliable and widely used technique for personal identification or verification in access control systems. A common approach to fingerprint identification involves scanning a sample fingerprint or an image thereof and storing the image and/or unique characteristics of the fingerprint image. The characteristics of a sample fingerprint may be compared to information for reference fingerprints already in a database to determine proper identification of a person, such as for verification purposes.
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