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Mobile satellite communication

Satellite systems are well suited to cover large geographical areas and provide long distance wireless communication. Communication satellites represent one of the most significant applications of space technology. Communication satellites can allow radio, television, and telephone transmissions to be sent live anywhere in the world. Satellite systems are playing an increasing role in mobile communications by providing coverage in zones where land-based infrastructures are unable or ineffective to supply mobile services. Mobile satellite communication systems are used for transmitting point-to-point voice and data communications using a constellation of satellites. Such systems may include a number of user terminals, several terrestrial ground stations or gateways, and a number of satellites for bi-directionally coupling the user terminals to terrestrial telecommunication networks and the Internet via the gateways. In addition to a baseline telephony service, these systems also support data and facsimile services to mobile users. Satellite systems can provide coverage in large, sparsely-populated areas where it is not cost effective to implement network infrastructures. Satellite systems can also make services available to airborne and sea-based users. In a mobile satellite system, data services can be provided in a conventional circuit mode in which an end to end full duplex circuit is established between the mobile user and the fixed user. The point-to-point communications are generally those conducted between a single one of the user terminals and another user terminal, or a terrestrial wired or wireless telephone, or a data processor modem.

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