Marine GPS
Many marine vessels are outfitted with a multitude of electronic components such as depth sounders, GPS receivers, marine radios, electronic compasses, autopilots, altimeters, tilt sensors, weather sensors, and marine stereo receivers. Ships and boats at sea need a variety of information in order to navigate safely. Such information includes the vessel's position relative to its planned course, the vessel's position relative to visible or hidden navigation hazards. Due to the lack of fixed landmarks and pathways marine navigation, positioning and hazard avoidance has historically been a problem of great importance. Modern developments made electronic navigation possible as well. In electronic navigation, a ship's position is determined with the aid of devices such as radar. Most recently, the navigation process is greatly facilitated by use of a global positioning system (GPS). The use of the global positioning system coupled with computer technology, provides a user with positions relative to fixed locations, such as roads on land or the coastline on water to be displayed on an electronic map with a high degree of accuracy. The GPS satellites are known to use direct sequence spread spectrum modulation for transmission of ranging signals and other navigational data. The ranging signals broadcast by the satellites are pseudorandom noise (PRN) signals which are replicated by the GPS receivers. The replicated ranging signals generated by the GPS receivers are subject to significant errors due to anomalies in the clocks in the GPS satellites and receivers. GPS provides specially coded satellite signals that can be processed in a GPS receiver, enabling the receiver to compute position, velocity and time.
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