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RF transceiver

A radio frequency transceiver is a radio transmitter and receiver combined in one unit and having switching capabilities for selecting either the transmitting or receiving functions. RF transceivers are used in wireless communications to transmit and receive electromagnetic waves in free space. In general, a transceiver comprises three main components: a transmitter, a receiver, and a local oscillator (LO) generator or frequency synthesizer. The function of the transmitter is to modulate, upconvert, and amplify signals for transmission into free space. In the transmitter, a baseband information signal is typically scrambled, encoded, and interleaved before being modulated and then up-converted to a radio frequency, and amplified, for radio transmission. The transmitter converts data into RF signals by modulating the data in accordance with the particular wireless communication standard and adds an RF carrier to the modulated data in one or more intermediate frequency stages to produce the RF signals. The receiver combines the frequency of the received radio input signal with the frequency of a local oscillator to convert the radio signal to an intermediate frequency (IF) signal. The RF receiver detects signals in the presence of noise and interference, and provide amplification, downconversion and demodulation of the detected the signal such that it can be displayed or used in a data processor. The receiver receives RF signals, removes the RF carrier frequency from the RF signals via one or more intermediate frequency stages, and demodulates the signals in accordance with a particular wireless communication standard to recapture the transmitted data. Signals having frequencies above the intermediate frequency are then removed by a low pass filter. The data is then extracted from the intermediate frequency signals passed by the low pass filter using a demodulator.

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