RF duplexer
A duplexer is a device that uses distinctly tuned resonant circuits to isolate a transmitter from the receiver, allowing the transmitter and the receiver to operate on the same antenna at the same time without the transmitter adversely affecting the receiver. Modern telecommunications systems require full duplex capability, i.e. a configuration of their electronic circuitry that allows simultaneous transmission and reception by the user. In communication systems that employ a common antenna for use with a transmitter unit and a receiver unit, a duplexer interlinks the transmitter unit, the receiver unit, and the common antenna. For example, in a transceiver of a cellular or cordless phone, an antenna may be coupled to the input of the receiver and to the output of the transmitter. A duplexer is used to couple the common signal path to the input of the receiver and to the output of the transmitter. n duplexer operation, filters must pass the desired signal while rejecting as much as possible of the undesired signals. The duplexer provides the necessary coupling while preventing the modulated transmit signal generated by the transmitter from being coupled from the antenna back to the input of the receiver and overloading the receiver. Duplexing can be achieved in a number of ways, but the method employed usually depends on the system of multiplexing which is used to allow several users to access the telecommunications network at the same time. A typical duplexer is a combination of bandpass and band-reject filters that allow signals from the transmitter to reach the antenna while preventing the transmit signals from reaching the receiver. A dielectric type duplexer uses a dielectric for transmit and receive filters. A composite filter uses a dielectric for one to the transmit and receive filters and a surface acoustic wave (SAW) filter for the other.
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