Parabolic dish antenna
Satellite communication is gaining importance in this world of real-time digital distribution of audio and video data around the globe. And the reflector dish antenna system is a popular antenna system applied to satellite communication. The parabolic reflector is a dish disk, so it is also called the dish antenna. The parabolic reflector antenna is a high gain antenna with orientation that is mostly used in radar systems, microwave systems and satellite systems. Dish antennas are typically used to receive and transmit electromagnetic signals, such as radio frequency (RF) or microwave signals transmitted to or received from a satellite or other source. Its reflector is shaped into one that can readily collect radio signals. A reflector is generally a parabolic section having a round, elliptical or other configuration. The parabolic reflector antenna comprises a parabolic reflector and a feedback active unit which is the original antenna for signal feedback. Usually, the electromagnetic energy is directed toward the reflector using dipoles, dipole arrays, and waveguides. The reflector is a passive device with no power. It is solely used to focus and direct the electromagnetic energy supplied from the original antenna by reflecting and to spread the energy into space. When used for receiving signals, the parabolically-shaped reflector of the dish antenna serves to reflect and focus received signals onto a detecting or amplifying unit, known as a feed horn, positioned at the focal point of the dish antenna. Parabolic antennas vary widely in size, having diameters ranging approximately from less than one meter to in excess of seven meters, and are typically constructed of light weight materials. The performance of a parabolic dish antenna is dependent upon and greatly affected by the geometrical accuracy, or integrity, of the shape of the parabolic reflective surface and the position of the amplifying unit relative to the focal point of the reflected electromagnetic signals.
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