Switching power supply
The switching power supply device is one type of stabilized direct current power supply which is configured to output a direct current at a constant voltage by converting a direct current obtained from a power supply into a pulse voltage having a frequency higher than the audio frequency by a high-speed switching function of semiconductor devices such as transistors, and controlling the pulse width and the pulse interval of the pulse voltage. The switching power supply device itself converts an AC voltage to a DC voltage by rectifying the AC voltage through a rectifying circuit thereof and by smoothing a resultant undulating voltage through a smoothing circuit thereof. The DC voltage thus obtained is switched on and off by a switching element and fed to an output rectifying smoothing circuit for rectifying and smoothing processes to obtain any given predetermined DC voltage. Switching power supplies typically rectify an alternating current power source where the resultant direct current voltage is fed to a group of high-frequency high-power switching transistors. These switching transistors chop the DC voltage into a high frequency AC signal. The high frequency AC signal is then fed to a high frequency transformer that is wound to produce the correct output voltage. Switching power supply circuits have a transformer and other devices miniaturized by raising the switching frequency, and are used as a power supply for various electronic devices, such as a high-power DC-to-DC converter. Switching power supplies are used to provide power in numerous products such as cell phones, camera, PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants), calculators, portable computers and similar types of electronic equipment. Switching power supply units include a circuit having an overcurrent protection function for preventing load circuit components from being broken, emitting smoke, or being ignited due to output overcurrent during short-circuiting of a load. The switching power supply circuits for performing overcurrent protection are provided with a device for detecting overcurrent. The performance measures of switching power supply apparatuses include a harmonic characteristic and a power factor characteristic. The harmonic characteristic is a function for suppressing a harmonic current flowing from a switching power supply apparatus to an input power supply line thereof, and the upper limit of the harmonic current is defined so as not to affect other components. The power factor characteristic is the power factor viewed at the input from the switching power supply apparatus.
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