Lithium ion battery
To meet the growing and diversifying needs of markets for portable electronic products such as mobile phones, camcorders and laptop computers, the demand for a rechargeable battery as a portable power supply is also increasing. Rechargeable batteries based upon lithium ion cells are attractive because they have inherently high capacities, high energies, and are operable over a useful temperature range. Lithium ion battery technology is becoming the standard for rechargeable energy storage systems. Lithium ion batteries are able to store up to three to four times as much electric energy as currently used rechargeable batteries. Lithium ion batteries are rechargeable and do not exhibit memory effect which is common in other rechargeable batteries. Memory effect is a condition that occurs in some rechargeable batteries when the battery is not fully discharged before recharging. The batteries are currently replacing many other traditional power sources such as lead acid batteries, nickel cadmium batteries, and nickel metal hydride batteries. A lithium ion rechargeable battery mainly comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an ion conducting layer interposed between the electrodes. An electrolyte containing ions of the metal is placed in contact with the anode and the cathode. During discharge of the cell, metal ions leave the anode, enter the electrolyte and are taken up in the active material of the cathode, resulting in the release of electrical energy. Lithium ion batteries can be sensitive to certain types of abuse, particularly overcharge abuse wherein the normal operating voltage is exceeded during recharge. To prevent over charging and over discharging, the battery control circuit must measure the charging current, the charging voltage, the discharging current, and the discharging voltage.
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