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DC to DC converter

A DC-DC converter is a small, light, and highly efficient DC power supply using semiconductor switching elements. Direct-current (DC) to direct-current (DC) converters are used to convert an input DC voltage to an output DC voltage. Such converters may step down (buck) or step up (boost) the input DC voltage. Due to their ability to receive low input voltages and consume low power, DC-DC converters have been widely used in all types of electronic products. A DC-to-DC converter provides the functions of regulating the voltage level from a DC input voltage, such as boost or buck voltage conversion, and of maintaining the regulated voltage at the desired level. DC to DC converters are widely used for battery-powered electronic equipment, renewable energy systems, and voltage regulator modules (VRM) to produce a regulated voltage or current derived from an unregulated power supply. In a computer system, due to the power supplies of different voltages for CPU, memory and hard disk drive, the DC to DC converter is required to regulate the power source voltage of the computer system to various supply voltages supplied to various operational units of the computer system. Dc-to-dc converters are generally protected against overheating by use of temperature sensors such as thermostats and thermistors. One kind of such converters is referred to as a fixed frequency converter, also known as pulse-width modulated (PWM) converter. A PWM converter includes voltage mode converters and current mode converters. A synchronous buck converter typically has a controller, driver, a pair of switches, and an LC filter coupled to the pair of switches. The controller provides a control signal to the driver which then drives the pair of switches. The driver alternately turns each switch ON and OFF thereby controlling inductor current and the output voltage of the DC to DC converter.


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