Solid state laser
Solid-state laser systems are characterized in that they have a solid-state laser gain medium which converts energy from a pump source to a coherent output laser beam. A typical solid state laser includes a laser cavity formed by two opposing mirrors, a solid state gain medium situated within the laser cavity, and an optical pump source for pumping the gain medium. In a pumped solid state laser, a light source, such as a Gallium Arsenide diode array, is energized by an electrical power supply that may be switched on and off. The pump source can be one of many available energy producing systems such as flash lamps, a continuous arc lamp, or semiconductor laser diodes. The energy produced by the pump source is incident upon the laser medium and absorbed thereby. Both flash lamp and continuous arc lamp pumping tend to be electrically inefficient and create significant amounts of waste heat since the spectral range of the lamp is much broader than the absorption range of the laser medium. Only a small portion of the light from these types of pump sources is absorbed by the laser medium, thereby the lamp pumped laser systems are inefficient. On the other hand, laser diodes have been recognized as providing an efficient pump source in solid-state laser systems. The diode pumped solid state laser typically includes a rare earth doped solid-state gain medium pumped by optical radiation from a laser diode. A laser diode pumped solid state laser produces laser light by pumping a resonator of a laser material, such as Nd:YAG or Nd:YLF, with light from laser diodes, exciting atoms or molecules within the laser material.
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