Fluorescent lamp
The
fluorescent lamp is a gas discharge tube that is used for lighting purposes. Fluorescent lamps comprise a tubular bulb with a fluorescent material coated on the interior surface. The bulb typically contains an inert gas such as Neon, Argon, Krypton or Xenon and electrodes. The light of the fluorescent
lamp is not produced by an incandescent body (such as the filament of an ordinary electric lamp), but is emitted as a result of the excitation of atoms (namely, those of the mercury vapor and the fluorescent coating). When a fluorescent lamp is energized, the mercury vapor contained in the tube will be stimulated, giving out ultraviolet radiation. When the ultraviolet radiation strikes a phosphor coating lining the interior of the tube, visible light is produced. In operation, a ballast provides current to the electrodes. The light output of fluorescent lamps is critically dependent upon mercury vapor pressure (vapor density) within the lamp envelope. The mercury vapor pressure, in turn, is controlled by the temperature of excess liquid mercury which condenses in the coldest part of the lamp envelope. A traditional ballast includes a transformer that uses electromagnetic principles to generate operating and starting voltages for the fluorescent lamps. An electronic ballast uses electronics to achieve the same result. The fluorescent lamps are usually bent or curved forming a serpentine shape with rounded bends. The bends or curves in the tubular fluorescent lamps have a radius curve. A fluorescent lamp is broadly divided into a hot-cathode type and a cold-cathode type by constituent of the electrodes. A cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL) tube typically contains a gas, such as Argon, Xenon, or the like, along with a small amount of Mercury. After an initial ignition stage and the formation of plasma, current flows through the tube, which results in the generation of ultraviolet light? The ultraviolet light in turn strikes a phosphorescent material coated in the inner wall of the tube, resulting in visible light. In the CCFL, the electrodes consist of materials that radiate many electrons due to high voltages applied. The electrodes include no filament for thermionic emission, in contrast to the hot cathode fluorescent lamp.
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