Cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL)
A
fluorescent lamp is a low pressure gas discharge source, in which
light is produced predominantly by fluorescent powders activated by ultraviolet energy generated by a mercury plasma forming an arc. A fluorescent lamp is broadly divided into a hot-cathode type and a cold-cathode type by constituent of the electrodes. In the cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL), the electrodes consist of materials that radiate many electrons due to high voltages applied. Cold cathode fluorescent lamps (CCFL) have been widely used in a variety of fields such as liquid crystal displays, scanners, automobile instrument boards, small sized advertising neon signs and picture frame displays because of high luminous intensity, uniform luminous emittance, and small-diameter tube. Cold cathode fluorescent lamps comprise an elongated internally phosphor coated glass tube filled with one or more gases which when excited by an electrical signal form a plasma which causes the coating to fluoresce and to illuminate the environment. The lamp, usually in the form of a tubular bulb with an electrode sealed into each end, contains mercury vapor at low pressure with a small amount of inert gas for starting. The inner walls of the bulb are coated with fluorescent powders commonly called phosphors. In a cold cathode lamp, the tube, which is generally about one inch in diameter, is typically bent into different shapes and includes at its opposite ends right angle on perpendicular tubular electrode end sections. CCFLs are driven by a driving circuit such as an inverter. The CCFL driver circuit is designed to match these electric characteristics of the CCFL. A cold-cathode fluorescent lamp used as a light source for backlighting of a liquid crystal display is configured such that cylindrical or plate metal is provided as an electrode in a lighting tube. When the proper voltage is applied, the plasma forming an arc is produced by current flowing between the electrodes through the mercury vapor. This discharge generates some visible radiation. The ultraviolet in turn excites the phosphors to emit light.
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