Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system
Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems provide management and control of distributed systems. Computerized systems are widely used for monitoring, diagnosing, operating and controlling the operations of a wide variety of facilities, including factories, power plants, warehouses, office buildings and apartment buildings. A vital part of any process control system is the initial and periodic point-to-point verification of the system, including the process input values, the database, the displays and the like. Such a verification procedure is associated with a SCADA system, which in its most generic definition is essentially a process control system. In supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems, microprocessor devices convert device measurement and status inputs into computer data for logging and transmission to higher level processors. These supervisory processors make strategic decisions for the operation of a subsystem or subsystem device and send out set points to dedicated controllers which will make the changes to actuators and ultimately the process. SCADA systems are increasingly being implemented using the client-server model, in which the centralized database stores real time data and acts as a server to graphical user interface clients. Information is transferred from the control network to the real-time database through an input/output server. Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system is an example of the hierarchical real-time computer architecture and has been widely used in areas such as process control and power systems management. Many infrastructure providers, such as utility companies, use SCADA systems to control distributed equipment, such as relays and switches.
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