Thin film transistor (TFT)
A thin film transistor comprises a semiconductor layer, a gate insulating layer and a gate electrode. Further, the semiconductor layer is typically a polysilicon layer whose electron mobility is 100 times higher than that of an amorphous silicon layer. Thin film transistors are used as switching devices in flat display panels such as organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) or liquid crystal displays (LCDs). A liquid crystal display (LCD) is one of the most widely used flat panel displays since it is lightweight and occupies less space than conventional cathode ray tube (CRT) displays. The applications for liquid crystal displays are extensive, such as mobile phones, digital cameras, video cameras, notebooks, and monitors. LCD together with other flat panel type display such as plasma displays and electroluminance displays has become one of the most researched types of displays. A TFT LCD display is composed of a thin film transistor array substrate, a color filter array substrate and a liquid crystal layer, wherein the thin film crystal transistor array substrate is composed of many thin film transistors arranged in an array and pixel electrodes corresponding to each thin film transistor to form pixel structures. The thin film transistor array substrate includes gate lines and data lines, a thin film transistor formed as a switching device at every crossing of the gate lines and the data lines, a pixel electrode connected to the thin film transistor substantially defining a liquid crystal cell, and an alignment film applied to the substrate. A thin film transistor is usually fabricated as MOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor) including an electrically insulating substrate such as a glass substrate and a thin semiconductor layer formed on the substrate and acting as an active region. When a thin film transistor is used in an active matrix type liquid crystal display device, for instance, the thin film transistor is designed to be driven by a driver integrated circuit as a switching device for switching pixels.
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