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Piezoelectric transformer

Piezoelectric transformers are devices that step-up or step-down AC voltage or current by piezoelectric vibration. A piezoelectric transformer converts an electrical input into mechanical energy and subsequently reconverts this mechanical energy back to an electrical output. The mechanical transport causes the PZT transformer to vibrate, similar to quartz-crystal operation, but at acoustic frequencies. A piezoelectric transformer is formed using a piezoelectric vibrator made up of a thin oblong sheet of piezoelectric material or a piezoelectric vibrator made by laminating a plurality of these thin oblong sheets. Piezoelectric materials used are barium titanate-based or lead zirconate titanate (PZT)-based piezoelectric ceramics, etc. Piezoelectric transformers feature smaller sizes and higher efficiencies than the conventional electromagnetic transformers. For such reasons, the piezoelectric transformers are gaining popularity as step-up transformers. Piezoelectric transformers are mainly used in inverters for back light adapted to turn on and off color liquid crystal displays of notebook computers, PDA (personal digital assistant), camcorders, digital cameras and the like, and in high-voltage power supply devices equipped static brushes, air cleaners, and ozone generators. A piezoelectric transformer basically consists of a piezoelectric member, an input electrode attached to the piezoelectric member and adapted to apply voltage of a certain level to the piezoelectric member, and an output electrode for outputting a voltage of a desired level from the piezoelectric member. A Rosen-type piezoelectric transformer is one of the generally known piezoelectric transformers. This piezoelectric transformer includes a piezoelectric body unit which is formed by laminating ceramic sheets made of a piezoelectric ceramic material such as lead zirconium titanate (PZT) and then baking the laminated sheets. The piezoelectric body unit includes a driving unit and a generating unit. In general, piezoelectric transformers may be classified into two types. One type is being used as step-up transformers in which the voltage gain is larger than one. Another type is used as step-down transformers with voltage gain of less than one.

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