High voltage insulator
A typical high voltage transmission line includes a plurality of substantially parallel conductors operating at high voltages such as for example 345 KV, 765 KV and the like. These transmission lines also include one or more static lines grounded at the terminal ends of the transmission line. High-voltage insulators for overhead lines have been produced for a long time from ceramic, electrically insulating materials such as porcelain or glass. In order to operate at the reliability level required, these insulators are designed to operate at a low electrical stress level. However, at higher voltages, the size and weight of glass or porcelain becomes excessive. In a polluted environment as in seaside areas and industrial areas, there is a tendency that dust, salts and mist attach to the surface of high-voltage electrical insulators, causing leakage currents and dry band discharge leading to flashover failure. A number of composite insulators made from lighter weight polymeric materials have been developed for use in such high voltage installations. Such composite insulators generally include a fiberglass rod having a number of weathersheds constructed of a highly insulating polymeric material attached to the rod along its length. By comparison with composite insulators made from other shield materials, and also by comparison with conventional insulators, composite insulators having a shield covering made from silicone rubber have the advantage that they have excellent insulating properties when used in areas having a highly polluted atmosphere. High voltage composite insulators include an elongated core made of an electrically insulating material such as porcelain or fiberglass. The ends of the elongated core are provided with respective metal fittings while the length of the core is covered with a polymeric outer sheath defining convolutions to increase the creepage distance between the metal fittings.
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