Electrical alternator
Alternators are rotating electrical machines used in vehicles for generating electric power to charge the battery when the rotator of the alternator is turning at a sufficient speed. The basic function of an alternator is to generate the AC current. Two types of alternators, a brush-type alternator and a brushless-type alternator, have been commonly employed. An alternator typically comprises a rotor mounted on a rotating shaft and disposed concentrically relative to a stationary stator. Alternatively, a stationary rotor may be positioned concentrically within a rotating stator. An external energy source, such as a motor or turbine, commonly drives the rotating element. Either the rotor or the stator generates a magnetic field, which interacts with windings on the poles of the other structure. As the magnetic field intercepts the windings, an electrical current is generated, which is provided to a suitable load. Permanent magnet alternators, which can include similarly designed magneto alternators, have permanent magnets assembled on the inner walls of a rotor, for example, formed as a flywheel. Permanent magnet alternator systems are used on marine outboard motors, motorcycles and similar small engines. The voltage regulators used with such systems typically use open loop control instead of the more common closed loop control systems used on automobile systems. In an automobile system, an alternator charging system maintains a substantially constant battery voltage and usually includes an alternator with voltage regulator and a rectifier bridge. The alternator supplies the energy to the battery for recharging the battery and is typically proportional to the current flow through its field windings at a given alternator RPM. Alternators have internal components which when rotated supply electrical power which may be used in the vehicle and/or engine. Alternators are typically removably but rigidly mounted via a bracket to the engine block or the chassis of the vehicle. An alternator for a motor vehicle includes a stator equipped with a body carrying several phases each comprising, an inlet and an outlet installed outside the body of the stator, and electrically conducting elements, which are linked together to form the said networks and connect the inlet of the phase to the outlet of the phase by forming at least one winding.
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