Servo motor
A servomotor is used as an actuator of an industrial machine because a servomotor is easy to handle, is small, provides high torque, and is highly responsive. A DC servo motor includes a motor, a feedback device, and a drive. The motor operates on direct current, and is typically hotter and smaller than other motors producing a comparable amount of torque. The feedback device is often an encoder or resolver mounted on the back of the motor, and the feedback device reports performance information such as motor position and motor speed back to the drive. AC servo motors and like AC motors are used for driving feed shafts of a machine tool, robot arms or the like. One example of an A.C motor used as a servomotor is a synchronous motor. Synchronous motors employing a permanent magnet as a rotor are coming into ever wider use since they are brushless, noiseless and simple in construction. Brushless motors require commutation in order to operate. Commutation switches electric currents to the drive magnet coils in the motor in a sequence providing desired motor movement. Commutation is performed by an electronic commutator. The commutator is generally housed separately, with power generation electronics, as a motor drive amplifier. In a typical servo motor, electric drive magnets are disposed around a rotatably supported permanent magnet rotor. The commutator must switch current to the correct drive magnets in the correct direction at the correct time in order to produce desired rotor movement. The servo motor's drive provides current to the motor, and the drive typically includes a programmable control device (e.g., a controller) which dictates the current in response to the feedback from the feedback device. The most widely used algorithm for servo motor control is the proportional-integral-derivative (PID) algorithm, according to which various programmable filter parameters are used, depending upon the particular application, to determine the current in response to the feedback. Generally, a PID controller used for automatic control of an AC servo motor comprises a proportional amplifier, an integrating circuit 101 and a differentiation circuit.
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