AC motor
Alternating current, or AC, motors provide much of the motive force for industry. AC motors come in a variety of styles and horsepower ratings, from fractional horsepower ratings to multiple thousands of horsepower. Alternating current motors (AC motors) typically are designed for use with specified input voltage signals. AC motors may be classed as low, medium and high voltage. Medium-voltage motors consume voltages from about 400V up to about 15 kV and generate power levels up to about 20,000 Hp. For AC motor applications above about 400 Hp, it is typical in the industry to engineer a modular control system for the specific application at hand. Low voltage AC motors typically consume between about 240V and 600V and generate power levels up to about 800 Hp. Alternating current (AC) motors used in light industrial applications are typically synchronous motors having a starting winding and a running winding. The starting winding includes a starting capacitor or other capacitive component in series with the winding to shift the phase of the voltage and current applied to the starting winding with respect to the voltage and current applied to the running winding. AC motors are used in a variety of applications, including vehicle applications such as traction control. Traction motors are large electrical motors having the typical motor housing, stator and rotor assembly. Attached to the rotor is a shaft which extends through the housing. Fixedly attached to a pinion end of the shaft is a motor pinion which in turn engages a bull or axle gear for rotating the axle. The AC motors used in vehicle applications are typically controlled such that the motor phase currents are sinusoidal. These AC motors are generally permanent magnet motors designed to have a sinusoidally-shaped back electromagnetic field waveform. An induction motor is used as an AC motor. The terminal voltage of the induction motor includes a transient voltage represented by the product of the differentiation term of a primary current and the leakage inductance of the induction motor.
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