Diode
Diodes are a fundamental electronic building block. Their ability to restrict current flow to substantially one direction is a critical property relied upon in virtually every electronic circuit manufactured, from the smallest power supply to the largest industrial process controller. Diodes are asymmetrically constructed two-terminal networks whose resistance depends on a polarity and a magnitude of an applied voltage. Diodes are composed of two different materials, at least one material of which is a semiconductor. The differently doped regions generally contain p-doped and n-doped regions of the same semiconductor. Known diodes include switching diodes, Schottky diodes, rectifier diodes, zener diodes, diacs, photodiodes, variable-capacitance diodes, PIN diodes, step recovery diodes, tunnel diodes, backward diodes. Avalanche Photodiodes (APD) are well known photosensitive devices used to convert optical signals into electrical signals. An avalanche photodiode is a semiconductor photodetector which utilizes avalanche multiplication to achieve high sensitivity and response speed. Avalanche photodiodes are used as detectors for optical communications and low light level detections. Schottky diodes are semiconductor devices which have a metal-semiconductor transition as their basic structure and whose basic electronic properties are defined by this transition. Schottky diodes are widely used as voltage rectifiers in many power switching applications, such as switching-mode power supplies, electric motor, switching of communication device, industry automation and electronic automation. A Zener diode is a two-terminal semiconductor junction device with a very sharp voltage breakdown in the reverse-bias region. They have been used most frequently in voltage regulator circuits to provide a voltage reference. PIN diodes are reverse biased and collect the charge generated by an incident beam of radiation or ionizing particles. The diode of this PiN configuration is characterized in that a value of the resistivity between an anode and a cathode varies in response to a magnitude of current passing therethrough when it is biased in the forward direction. A light emitting diode (LED) has been used as an effective light source for years. The light-emitting diodes are one kind of minute solid-state light source that can transform electrical energy into light energy. A light-emitting diode with the layer construction of nitride semiconductor is widely used as a high-luminance pure green LED, blue LED in various fields such as a full color LED display, a traffic light, and a backlight. A laser semiconductor is a kind of diode, also called as a laser diode. Unlike regular diodes, a laser diode has the function of a laser oscillator. Therefore, a laser diode has the electric properties of regular diodes and the optical property of emitting a laser light as a laser oscillator does. Laser diode assemblies are constructed using a vertical surface laser die mounted onto a post.
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Avalanche photodiode
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