Infrared camera
Infrared cameras are used for, for example, fire detection, invasion monitoring, and installation monitoring. Infrared (IR) imagers extend surveillance beyond starlight into no-light conditions. Visible light is not required for IR imaging because the self-emission of objects in the infrared suffices for their operation. The real time images allow the user to view objects and/or scenery under conditions where the human eye would not normally function or to see thermal signatures of objects. In the infrared camera, the scenery at nighttime appears the same as the scenery in the daytime. Infrared radiation is a nearly universal byproduct of heat generation. A thermographic infrared camera typically uses a thermographic infrared sensor to capture an infrared image. Thermal imaging systems are useful for a number of low light level applications such as night vision, and for imaging during conditions of reduced visibility, or for thermal image viewing for purposes of process or conditioning monitoring in industrial or residential environments. Localized changes in temperature caused by infrared irradiation are detected by the thermographic infrared sensor. The sensor detects localized changes in temperature through changes in a value of a physical property of the sensor, such as localized changes in electrical resistance, electromotive force, or electrical charge. Many current infrared cameras now use focal plane array (FPA) detectors. Infrared focal plane arrays catch sight of objects that do not stimulate human sight and instantly measure temperatures of objects from distant places without contact. Such arrays are being used in diverse ways in a wide variety of industrial fields, for measuring and controlling manufacturing lines, as medical and diagnostic devices, and devices detecting humans. A general infrared focal plane array includes infrared detectors arranged in a two-dimensional matrix, and a signal read-out circuit around the array for reading signals from the detectors.
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