Wireless access point
The use of cellular communication systems having mobile devices which communicate with a hardwired network, such as a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), has become widespread. A LAN typically consists of a wired communication network for coupling devices such as, for example, personal computer work stations, printers, data servers, and the like. Devices coupled as part of a LAN are typically assigned a unique address in the LAN to enable the transmission of data frames or packets to destination devices in the LAN. Wireless local area networks (WLANs) are becoming an increasingly popular alternative to a common wired LAN. In a WLAN, users make a wireless connection to the network. To allow some devices in a LAN to be mobile, wireless access points have enabled mobile devices to communicate with through a wired communication network using protocols such as, for example, wireless LAN standard IEEE 802.11. The IEEE 802.11 specification provides requirements for devices to communicate wirelessly. In particular, the specification sets physical requirements, such as the communication method, and requirements for the media access control (MAC) layer of the WLAN. An IEEE 802.11 infrastructure networking framework in which devices communicate with each other must first connect through an access point (AP). There are two types of mode for connections with a WLAN, ad hoc mode and infrastructure mode. In infrastructure mode, wireless devices can communicate with each other or can communicate with a wired network via an access point. An access point connected to a wired network and a set of wireless stations it is referred to as a basic service set (BSS). In ad hoc mode or independent basic service Set (IBSS), wireless devices communicate directly with each other without a central controller such as an access point. A wireless local area network (WLAN) includes a network server communicating with a wireless access point. A client device can include a radio card having suitable radio circuitry for converting between electronic signals, internal to the device, and radio signals. The radio card also includes an antenna arrangement for exchanging radio signals with a wireless access point. The main function of the wireless access point is to form a bridge between the wireless client devices and the hard-wired network. In a typical wireless access point, a single or dual band radio component is operated with one or more omnidirectional or directional antennas having moderate gain. A typical AP also includes an antenna arrangement for exchanging radio signals with the client device, and radio circuitry for converting between the exchanged radio signals and electronic signals suitable to the wired network. The wireless access point is typically hardwired to the network server. The wireless access point is configured to communicate with one or more wireless client devices, such a laptop computers or PDAs, allowing the wireless client devices to access the network.
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