computer hardware, consumer electronics, electronic components

Network bridge

Computer networks serve the purpose of connecting many different computers or terminals to each other, host computers, printers, file servers etc. so that expensive computing assets, programs, files and other data may be shared among many users. A large network may typically contain one or more gateways, routers and bridges operating in conjunction with one or more network segments. A segment is section of a network connected to a group of machines which may communicate with each other via repeater operations without having to traverse a bridge or router. Bridges and routers are useful in that they allow connections of multiple segments such that more computers may communicate with each other than would otherwise be possible given the limited bandwidth of the media. A network bridge is a transmission device for carrying out bidirectional data transmission across a plurality of networks connected via ports. The function of the bridge is to monitor frames transferred over the LAN and to transfer them from one network to another on the basis of the physical address of the data packets. Only frames having a destination address indicating transmission to the side of the other network are able to cross the bridge. The bridge thus acts as an insulator which reduces the load in other network portions. A LAN bridge interconnects a LAN with one or more other LANs, through an interconnecting link or links, to form a larger network in which messages can be sent from a device on one LAN to one or more devices on another LAN. Each network bridge and router requires certain other peripheral circuitry to support it such as LAN controllers, a CPU, a power supply, a network management process, memory to store bridge source and destination address tables and various other things like status registers etc. Typically, a network bridge is connected to a hub by a separate local area network segment which itself requires two port interface circuits such as LAN controllers and AUI's (generic network interfaces) with appropriate port drivers adapted for the specific media used for the bridge-hub LAN segment.


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