computer hardware, consumer electronics, electronic components

Underground cable

The electric utility industry has been utilizing direct burial power cables for rural or residential electrical distribution. Underground power cables typically consist of a conductive core of a bundle of conducting strands, surrounded by a semi-conducting shield layer, an insulation layer, a second semi-conducting shield layer, a layer of metallic tape or helical concentric neutral conducting strands, and a polymeric jacket or sheath. The conductor may be stranded from multiple wires, or less commonly a solid conductor core may be utilized. Fiber optic cables have become a preferred transmission system for telecommunication and data communication. Fiber optic cable is composed of a bundle of long, thin fibers of glass, plastic or other transparent material closed with a protective sheath. The advantage for fiber optic cable over conventional cable lies in its transmission characteristics. Because of the fiber's thinness and superior attenuation characteristics, a fiber optic cable can carry a much higher rate of information over many more channels than a comparably sized wire cable. Fiber optic cables are generally installed underground inside a conduit. The conduit is often laid in trenches and can extend a mile or more. The conduit generally has a smooth inside diameter throughout its length. Several methods exist for installing the fiber optic cable into the conduit.


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