EMI/RFI shielded cable
Electrical circuitry often must be protected from disruptions caused by electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radio frequency interference (RFI) entering the system. EMI energy can be generated outside of as well as inside the system and can occur anywhere in the electromagnetic spectrum. Electromagnetic interference (EMI) can result when, for example, multiple electrical circuits are located in close proximity to each other. External EMI energy is an undesired conducted or radiated electrical disturbance that can interfere with the operation of electronic equipment, while internal EMI energy is the unwanted noise or unwanted interference generated by electrical or electronic circuitry within a system. RFI is used interchangeably with EMI but generally is limited to interference in the radio communication band. Electrical cables, especially those cables used for high speed data transmission, are extremely sensitive to changes in their electromagnetic environment. Changes or discontinuities in the electromagnetic environment of a cable may cause electrical properties of the cable to vary. Electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radiofrequency interference (RFI) shielded cables and connector assemblies are frequently used for the transmission of data signals between programmable instruments, such as computers and the like, as well as in other environments wherein electrical and electromagnetic radiation can be expected to interfere with the electrical signals carried by the interconnecting cables and connector assemblies. Wire and cables may be shielded electrically by braiding shields of wire mesh about the primary wire core and insulation. This shielding is meant to prevent RFI and EMI disturbances from influencing the signals in the cable. Wire providing microwave/radar frequency attenuation is referred to in the wire and cable trade as "filter line." The measurement of the attenuation (insertion loss) upon a given wire's performance relates to the effect that the filter line has upon interference signals conducted down the wire. Flat, multiconductor flexible cable generally comprises a ribbon of insulative material encasing a plurality of round or thin flat conductors disposed in spaced, parallel relation. In many applications, these conductors are electrically shielded to reduce cross-talk, and to reduce electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radio frequency interference (RFI). Shielded transmission cables may include one or more pairs of signal wires that are twisted along the length of the cable, a drain wire extending alongside the signal cables, a metal foil or braided sheath surrounding the twisted wire pairs and the drain wire, and an insulating jacket surrounding the wires and the metal foil or sheath. Examples of cables of this type include foil-shielded twisted pair (FTP) cables. The shielding provided by the foil and the drain wire may serve to prevent radiation and signal loss and to reduce electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radiofrequency interference (RFI), and to meet electromagnetic frequency compatibility requirements.
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