Noise cancelling headset
Noise cancellation is a method of reducing the noise perceived by a listener. Noise cancellation is typically accomplished by outputting a noise cancellation signal that is the inversion of the noise that is desired to be cancelled. Active noise cancellation (ANC) systems eliminate unwanted sound using destructive interference. Cancellation is achieved by propagating anti-noise, identical to the unwanted soundwaves but inverted, which interacts with the unwanted waveform and results in cancellation. A typical active noise cancelling headset system includes a microphone placed within an earcup and closely adjacent a sound-generating transducer or speaker for noise reduction purposes. The microphone senses the acoustic noise field in the cavity formed by the earcup about the ear and produces an electronic signal output representative of that field. The signal output is phase inverted, filtered, and amplified in a feedback loop and then fed to the speaker which produces noise-cancelling acoustic signals of substantially the same amplitude and frequency but opposite in phase to the acoustic noise field waveforms. When acoustically reproduced, the noise component of the microphone signal tends to acoustically cancel undesirable noise present in the cavity. Passive reduction or attenuation is generally accomplished by disposing one or more layers of barrier, absorbing, and/or damping materials between the source of the noise or vibration and the area where a reduced or attenuated noise level is desired. While effective in some situations, passive attenuation systems are often unsuitable for applications where size, weight, and/or cost considerations prevent the use of attenuating materials. Passive headsets comprise a pair of earpieces coupled by a resilient headband. An annular foam pad attached to each earpiece forms a cushion between the shell of the earpiece and the user's head. The resilient headband presses the earpieces against the user's head. Ambient sound is attenuated before it reaches the wearer's ear by occlusion of sound by the earpieces and absorption of transmitted sound by materials within the earpieces. The degree of attenuation achieved depends upon the nature of the ambient noise and the qualities and characteristics of the individual headset.
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