With the increasing application of high definition television (HDTV), wide bandwidth HDTV antennas are needed to increase signal directivity (the ability to capture signals sent from a particular direction) while rejecting reflections of that signal that bounce off of surrounding structures which cause ghosting due to phase delays. High definition television is a digital television format which provides approximately twice the vertical and horizontal resolution of existing television standards. The existing TV signal is normally designated an NTSC signal which is analog. Digital transmission of television signals in HDTVcan deliver video and audio services of much higher quality than analog techniques. Digital transmission formats are particularly advantageous for signals that are broadcast by satellite to cable television affiliates and directly to home
satellite television receivers.